Table 2. Distribution of factors overall and within each study group.
| Distribution, %
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic and risk factors | Total | Undiagnosed diabetes* (n = 274)† | No diabetes‡ (n = 6,241)† | Odds ratio (95% C.I.) |
| Gender (female) | 51.80 | 47.05 | 51.94 | 0.82 (0.54, 1.25) |
| Education (<12 yr) | 23.25 | 38.81 | 22.78 | 2.15 (1.44, 3.21) |
| No health insurance | 11.82 | 9.29 | 11.90 | 0.76 (0.45, 1.27) |
| Age (≥45 yr) | 42.35 | 83.97 | 41.11 | 7.50 (4.37, 12.89) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 77.11 | 70.67 | 77.30 | 1.00 |
| African American | 10.07 | 12.97 | 9.98 | 1.42 (1.04, 1.94) |
| Mexican American | 5.02 | 6.27 | 4.98 | 1.38 (1.00, 1.89) |
| Other | 7.81 | 10.08 | 7.74 | 1.42 (0.80, 2.52) |
| First degree relative | 23.08 | 43.82 | 22.46 | 2.69 (1.83, 3.95) |
| Obesity | ||||
| Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) | 54.07 | 85.85 | 53.12 | 5.36 (3.51, 8.18) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 21.36 | 56.84 | 20.30 | 5.17 (3.72, 7.18) |
| History of gestational diabetes | 0.36 | 1.75 | 0.32 | 5.56 (1.48, 20.86) |
| Women only | 0.69 | 3.75 | 0.61 | 6.31 (1.69, 23.49) |
| Hypertension | ||||
| Previous diagnosis | 22.10 | 54.79 | 21.12 | 4.53 (2.96, 6.93) |
| Current hypertension reading | 16.93 | 41.98 | 16.18 | 3.75 (2.59, 5.42) |
| Previous diagnosis or current hypertension | 29.71 | 66.90 | 28.61 | 5.05 (3.27, 7.78) |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| Total cholesterol (≥200 mg/dl) | 50.27 | 65.90 | 49.81 | 1.95 (1.30, 2.93) |
| HDL cholesterol (≤35 mg/dl) | 12.59 | 31.48 | 12.02 | 3.36 (2.20, 5.14) |
| Triglycerides (≥250 mg/dl) | 8.26 | 32.69 | 7.52 | 5.97 (3.57, 9.99) |
| HDL (≤35 mg/dl) or triglycerides (≥250 mg/dl) | 17.42 | 48.93 | 16.47 | 4.86 (3.38, 6.98) |
Statistically significant (P < 0.05) odds ratios are in bold.
*
Percent of risk factor in undiagnosed diabetes group = true-positive rate.
†
Individual variables have <2% missing data.
‡
Percent of risk factor in undiagnosed diabetes group = false-positive rate.