Table 2.
Characteristics of Depressed and Non-Depressed Patients at Enrollment
| Characteristic | All n=2228 | Non-Depressed n=1351 | Depressed n=877 | p- value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 41.8 (11.2) | 41.88 (11.6) | 41.58 (10.5) | .530 |
| Male gender, % (n) | 61.5 (1371) | 62.2 (840) | 60.6 (531) | .440 |
| Race, % (n) | .025 | |||
| Caucasian | 40.9 (1092) | 47.1 (636) | 52.0 (456) | |
| African American | 36.7 (818) | 38.9 (526) | 33.3 (292) | |
| Other | 14.3 (318) | 14.0 (189) | 14.7 (129) | |
| Single, never married, % (n) | 61.4 (1364) | 65.2 (878) | 55.5 (486) | <.001 |
| High school education or less, % (n) | 67.9 (1506) | 70.8 (953) | 63.4 (553) | <.001 |
| Age at illness onset, mean (SD), y | 20.2 (8.9) | 21.0 (8.9) | 19.0 (8.6) | <.001 |
| Schizophrenia diagnosis | 57.2 (1274) | 60.8 (822) | 51.5 (452) | <.001 |
| Schizoaffective disorder diagnosis | 33.6 (748) | 29.3 (396) | 40.1 (352) | <.001 |
| Other diagnosis of psychotic disorder | 9.3 (206) | 9.8 (133) | 8.3 (73) | .226 |
| Health insurance % (n) | .015 | |||
| Medicaid/Medicare | 81.8 (1806) | 81.2 (1087) | 82.8 (719) | |
| Department of Veteran Affairs | 5.7 (126) | 4.9 (66) | 6.9 (60) | |
| Private insurance | 4.1 (91) | 5.1 (68) | 2.7 (23) | |
| Other coverage | 1.1 (24) | 1.2 (16) | 0.9 (8) | |
| No health insurance | 7.3 (160) | 7.6 (102) | 6.7 (58) | |
| Hospitalized in past year, % (n) | 39.3 (875) | 34.5 (466) | 46.6 (409) | <.001 |
| Comorbid substance use disorder, % (n) | 28.0 (623) | 27.9 (377) | 28.1 (246) | .941 |
| Comorbid personality disorder, % (n) | 14.5 (323) | 11.5 (155) | 19.2 (168) | <.001 |
| Medications use during the 6 months prior to enrollment | ||||
| Antidepressants | 38.8 (864) | 29.5 (398) | 53.1 (466) | <.001 |
| Anti-anxiety agents | 11.3 (252) | 7.6 (103) | 17.0 (149) | <.001 |
| Mood stabilizers | 31.2 (696) | 28.7 (388) | 35.1 (308) | .002 |
| Hypnotics | 1.7 (38) | 1.2 (16) | 2.5 (22) | .018 |
| Antiparkinsonian agents | 44.8 (998) | 44.0 (595) | 46.0 (403) | .376 |
| Atypical antipsychotics | 59.78 (1332) | 58.62 (792) | 61.57 (540) | .165 |
| Typical antipsychotics | 58.2 (1297) | 60.3 (814) | 55.1 (483) | .016 |
| Any psychotropic | 98.0 (2183) | 98.1 (1325) | 97.8 (858) | .692 |
*
Chi-square test for categorical and t test for continuous variables
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation