Table 2.

Demographic characteristics [no. (%)] of HMS participants by site.

Covariate	All sites (n = 228)	Low DBP site (n = 91)	Chlorinated DBP site (n = 92)	Brominated DBP site (n = 45)
Paternal age (years)
19–24	31 (14)	16 (18)	4 (4)	11 (24)
25–29	77 (34)	36 (40)	28 (30)	13 (29)
30–34	82 (36)	26 (29)	42 (46)	14 (31)
35–40	38 (17)	13 (14)	18 (20)	7 (16)
Race
Black	18 (8)	9 (10)	6 (7)	3 (7)
Non-black	210 (92)	82 (90)	86 (93)	42 (93)
Ethnicity
Hispanic	9 (4)	0 (0)	2 (2)	7 (16)
Non-Hispanic	219 (96)	91 (100)	90 (98)	38 (84)
Education
High school only	35 (15)	18 (20)	3 (3)	14 (31)
Some college	46 (20)	16 (18)	16 (17)	14 (31)
Graduated college	147 (64)	57 (63)	73 (79)	17 (38)
Income (US$/year)
≤ 40,000	55 (24)	26 (29)	11 (12)	18 (40)
40,001–80,000	109 (48)	41 (45)	48 (52)	20 (44)
≥ 80,001	64 (28)	24 (26)	33 (36)	7 (16)
BMI
< 18.5 (underweight)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
18.5 to < 25 (normal)	63 (28)	23 (25)	30 (33)	10 (22)
25 to < 30 (overweight)	108 (47)	41 (45)	47 (51)	20 (44)
30–< 35 (obese I)	34 (15)	12 (13)	11 (12)	11 (24)
≥ 35 (obese II)	23 (10)	15 (16)	4 (4)	4 (9)
Smoking status
Yes	93 (41)	37 (41)	32 (35)	24 (53)
No	135 (59)	54 (59)	60 (65)	21 (47)
Alcohol use
Yes	175 (77)	60 (66)	77 (84)	38 (84)
No	53 (23)	31 (34)	15 (16)	7 (16)
Days abstaining
2–3	84 (37)	36 (40)	38 (41)	10 (22)
4–8	124 (54)	48 (53)	50 (54)	26 (58)
> 8	20 (9)	7 (8)	4 (4)	9 (20)
Caffeine intake (mg/day)
None	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
> 0–150	170 (75)	64 (70)	64 (70)	42 (93)
> 150–300	7 (3)	3 (3)	3 (3)	1 (2)
> 300	6 (3)	2 (2)	3 (3)	1 (2)
Missing	45 (20)	22 (24)	22 (24)	1 (2)
Vitamin use
Yes	98 (43)	32 (14)	45 (20)	21 (9)
No	130 (57)	59 (26)	47 (21)	24 (11)
Season
Spring	43 (19)	31 (34)	0 (0)	12 (27)
Summer	60 (26)	17 (19)	22 (24)	21 (47)
Autumn	76 (33)	22 (24)	47 (51)	7 (16)
Winter	49 (21)	21 (23)	23 (25)	5 (11)