Table 2.
Anti-calsequestrin antibody test results in serial samples from all 11 patients with Graves’ hyperthyroidism who had active ophthalmopathy at the time of the first clinic visit, or developed eye signs during the first 6 months, and one or more positive antibody tests, and corresponding eye signs and symptoms.
| Clinical activity score (CAS)2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient no. | Time (months) | Anti-calsequestrin antibody levels1 | Subtype of TAO/severity of signs and symptoms | Ocular myopathy3 |
| 1. | 0 | 91 | 3 | Nil |
| 1 | 161 | 2 | Nil | |
| 2 | 225 | 2 | Nil | |
| 4 | 183 | 2 | Nil | |
| 2. | 0 | 165 | 0 | Nil |
| 3 | 144 | 3 | Nil | |
| 4 | 161 | 2 | Nil | |
| 6 | 600 | 2 | Nil | |
| 9 | 273 | 2 | Nil | |
| 12 | 125 | 2 | DV, −1/−2 | |
| 3. | 0 | 294 | 6 | Stable (DV, −1/−2) |
| 2 | 285 | 6 | Better (no DV, −1/−1) | |
| 4 | 427 | 4 | Stable (− 1/−1) | |
| 6 | 427 | 4 | DV, −1/−1 | |
| 4. | 0 | 707 | 7 | Better (no DV, −1/2/−1/2) |
| 3 | 902 | 5 | Stable (no DV, −1/2/−1/2) | |
| 7 | 609 | 4 | Stable (− 1/2, −1/2) | |
| 10 | 194 | 3 | DV, – 1/−2 | |
| 5. | 0 | 595 | 5 | Worse (DV, −2/−2) |
| 1 | 300 | 6 | Better (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 3 | 573 | 5 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 4 | 872 | 5 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 6 | 929 | 5 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 8 | 491 | 3 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 10 | 183 | 3 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 12 | 302 | 3 | Worse (DV, −2/−2) | |
| 6. | 0 | 711 | 10 | Better (DV, −1/−1) |
| 2 | 40 | 6 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 4 | 200 | 4 | Stable (DV, −1/−1) | |
| 6 | 176 | 4 | Better (DV, −1/2/−1/2) | |
| 9 | 172 | 4 | Stable (DV, −1/2/−1/2) | |
| 12 | 98 | 2 | Nil | |
| 7. | 0 | 912 | 6 | Nil |
| 5 | 248 | 3 | Nil | |
| 6 | 106 | 3 | DV, −1/−1 | |
| 8 | 320 | 3 | Nil | |
| 12 | 252 | 5 | Nil | |
| 13 | – | 6 | Nil | |
| 8. | 0 | 1072 | 2 | Nil |
| 3 | 591 | 4 | Nil | |
| 6 | 804 | 3 | Nil | |
| 8 | 550 | 2 | DV, −2/−1 | |
| 9. | 0 | 526 | 7 | Worse (DV, −2/−2) |
| 2 | 197 | 7 | Stable (DV, −2/−2) | |
| 4 | 188 | 6 | Nil | |
| 10. | 0 | 65 | 0 | Nil |
| 1 | 168 | 0 | Nil | |
| 3 | 335 | 0 | Nil | |
| 5 | 620 | 0 | Nil | |
| 11. | 0 | 59 | 3 | Nil |
| 3 | 530 | 5 | Nil | |
| 9 | 165 | 3 | Nil | |
| 21 | NT | 1 | Nil | |
Measured in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results were expressed as optical density (OD) × 1000. To determine a normal range we assayed 30 healthy males aged < 30. We then calculated the mean OD of these healthy subjects +2 s.d. × 1000, giving a cut-off value of 194. NT = not tested.
Eye muscle dysfunction namely, double vision (DV) (scored yes or no) and decreased eye movement, scored −1 to −3 where −1 = mild decrease in upward and upward/outward gaze, −2 = moderate reduction and – 3 = severe reduction (ophthalmoplegia) either being taken as significant ocular myopathy subtype of TAO. Other gazes were normal in all patients.