Table 2.
Plasma concentrations of chemokines, cytokines and adiponectin in type 2 diabetic patients and normal control subjects.
| Cytokine/ chemokine | Group | Concentration (IQR) (pg/ml) |
|---|---|---|
| TNF–α | CTL | UD |
| NDN | UD | |
| DN | 1·62 (0·10–2·19)* | |
| IL−1β | CTL | UD |
| NDN | UD | |
| DN | UD | |
| IL−6 | CTL | UD |
| NDN | 2·25 (1·25–3·25) | |
| DN | 2·50 (1·81–3·03)** | |
| IL−10 | CTL | UD |
| NDN | 1·81 (0·61–2·69) | |
| DN | 2·58 (2·03–3·41)***† | |
| IL−12p70 | CTL | UD |
| NDN | UD | |
| DN | UD | |
| IL−18 | CTL | 191 (132–276) |
| NDN | 199 (154–269) | |
| DN | 247 (171–303)* | |
| CXCL8 | CTL | 2·29 (1·72–2·88) |
| NDN | 3·24 (2·48–4·68)* | |
| DN | 4·08 (3·68–6·57)***† | |
| CXCL9 | CTL | 189 (153–273) |
| NDN | 244 (201–283) | |
| DN | 425 (314–653)***†† | |
| CXCL10 | CTL | 345 (264–480) |
| NDN | 331 (282–488) | |
| DN | 482 (389–606)***††† | |
| CCL2 | CTL | 57·4 (37·5–83·5) |
| NDN | 58·7 (54·4–81·8) | |
| DN | 71·0 (61·6–88·3)* | |
| CCL5 | CTL | 2590 (1360–5840) |
| NDN | 2230 (345–5620) | |
| DN | 5040 (2030–6880) | |
| Adiponectin | CTL | 3200 (2200–4940) |
| NDN | 2230 (1500–4290) | |
| DN | 5930 (3720–8970)**††† |
Results were expressed as median (interquartile range). Kruskal–Wallis test was used to assess the differences among groups.
*
P < 0·05
**
P < 0·01
***
P < 0·001 versus CTL
†
P < 0·05
††
P < 0·01
†††
P <0·001 versus NDN; UD: below detection limit. TNF: tumour necrosis factor; IL: interleukin; IQR: interquartile range.