Figure 4 Oesophageal ulceration induces expressions of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and serum response factor (SRF) in a temporally and spatially coordinated manner. (A) Western blot analyses showing the dynamic expressions of TGFβ1, smooth muscle (SM) α‐actin and SRF during ulcer healing. (B) Quantitative analysis based on 10 replicates. *p<0.001. Error bars represent SD. (C) Immunohistochemistry showing extensive expression of TGFβ1 at the ulcer margin (?) and in granulation tissue 6 days after ulcer induction, compared with normal oesophagus. Ulceration also induced SRF expression in similar locations. mm, Muscularis mucosa; n, necrotic tissue. Scale bar, 100 μm.