Urea-induced unfolding of wild-type (A), S-126C (B), S-265C (C), and S-126/265C (D) ESBL. Probes were CD (circles), fluorescence intensity (squares), and thiol reactivity (triangles). Lines are the fits to Eqs. 3–10 with the parameters given in Table 3. Left panels show the dependence of the observed and fit signals on urea concentration. Right panels show the calculated fractions for N (solid line), I (dashed line), and U (dotted line).