Table 6.

Lagged OLS regression models predicting parenting

	Total time apart Coef. (SE)	Family routines Coef. (SE)	Home Coef. (SE)	Total parenting quality Coef. (SE)
Into employment	1.00 (.59)⁺	−.04 (.07)	.65 (1.55) ^a	−.15 (.12) ^a
Out of employment	.29 (.84) ^a	.01 (.10)	1.47 (2.32) ^b⁺	.16 (.12) ^a
Stable employment	2.19 (.60)^*** ^a	−.03 (.08)	−3.03 (1.86) ^{a b}⁺	.02 (.11)
On to welfare	−2.29 (.66)^** ^{b c}	.02 (.15)	−2.57 (.42)	−.07 (.20)
Off welfare	.35 (.59)^c	.03 (.07)	.84 (1.66)	.08 (.11)
Stable welfare	−.20 (.59)^b	.09 (.07)	−.53 (1.74)	.15 (.11)

F of Model	6.24^***	8.16^***	4.54^***	8.32^***
R²	.16	.23	.15	.25
N	1905	1887	1818	1864

Note:

⁺

p < .10,

p <.05,

^**

p <.01,

^***

p <.001.

Employment groups are compared to the omitted category of no employment; welfare groups are compared to the omitted category of no welfare. Within each column, groups with shared superscript letters are different from each other at the p < .05 level (or if followed by + at p < .10). Employment is coded as working 30 hours or more per week. All analyses controlled for the wave 1 value of the dependent variable, as well as city, mother language, mother age, child gender, race/ethnicity, child age and change in age, mother marital status and change in marital status, mother education and change in education, mother relationship to child and change in relationship, as well as number of minors in household and change in number of minors.