Table 1.

Region- or state-related differences in activation of ERK1 in naïve and pain-experiencing rats.

	Spinal cord dorsal horn			S1 area of cortex			Hippocampus
	Naïve	Saline	Bee venom	Naïve	Saline	Bee venom	Naïve	Saline	Bee venom
5 min
Ipsil	2.61 × 10-3 ± 2.21 × 10-3	0.50 ± 0.11*	0.54 ± 0.20†	2.80 × 10-3 ± 2.80 × 10-3	2.56 ± 1.83	1.08 ± 0.38	0.04 ± 0.03	0.58 ± 0.33	0.93 ± 0.44
Contl	0.02 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.31	0.52 ± 0.32	3.32 × 10-3 ± 3.32 × 10-3	0.84 ± 0.30*	0.61 ± 0.24†	0.17 ± 0.13	0.87 ± 0.31	0.81 ± 0.28
15 min
Ipsil	8.49 × 10-4 ± 5.49 × 10-4	0.47 ± 0.08**	0.44 ± 0.09††	1.63 × 10-3 ± 1.63 × 10-3	0.93 ± 0.30*	0.49 ± 0.23†	0.02 ± 0.01	0.60 ± 0.42	0.55 ± 0.30
Contl	0.02 ± 0.02	0.34 ± 0.12**	0.30 ± 0.07††	2.61 × 10-4 ± 2.61 × 10-4	0.63 ± 0.28*	0.95 ± 0.40†	0.07 ± 0.04	0.40 ± 0.08*	0.32 ± 0.08†
30 min
Ipsil	2.50 × 10-3 ± 1.98 × 10-3	0.36 ± 0.01***	0.32 ± 0.05†††	1.14 × 10-3 ± 1.14 × 10-3	0.52 ± 0.16*	0.51 ± 0.20†	4.16 × 10-3 ± 3.43 × 10-3	0.50 ± 0.19*	0.72 ± 0.10†
Contl	0.01 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.10	0.25 ± 0.08	4.93 × 10-4 ± 4.93 × 10-4	0.95 ± 0.16*	1.48 ± 0.58†	0.03 ± 0.01	0.38 ± 0.13*	0.75 ± 0.13†
1 h
Ipsil	8.45 × 10-4 ± 7.28 × 10-4	0.64 ± 0.32	0.67 ± 0.26	0	0.65 ± 0.34	0.29 ± 0.07	3.95 × 10-3 ± 3.40 × 10-3	0.64 ± 0.50	0.58 ± 0.42
Contl	7.89 × 10-3 ± 6.95 × 10-3	0.36 ± 0.04**	0.29 ± 0.06††	0	0.48 ± 0.28**	0.52 ± 0.22††	0.02 ± 0.02	0.62 ± 0.41	2.23 ± 1.79
2 h
Ipsil	4.71 × 10-4 ± 4.48 × 10-4	0.57 ± 0.10*	0.71 ± 0.22†	2.61 × 10-4 ± 2.61 × 10-4	1.07 ± 0.68	0.56 ± 0.40	0.02 ± 0.02	0.49 ± 0.22	0.66 ± 0.28
Contl	5.99 × 10-3 ± 4.26 × 10-3	0.27 ± 0.07	0.38 ± 0.15†	0	0.57 ± 0.13*	0.55 ± 0.06†	0.03 ± 0.03	0.52 ± 0.18	0.49 ± 0.28
4 h
Ipsil	5.53 × 10-4 ± 3.33 × 10-4	0.44 ± 0.16	0.53 ± 0.21	0	0.65 ± 0.37	0.82 ± 0.52	0.05 ± 0.03	0.37 ± 0.08*	0.59 ± 0.12†
Contl	2.40 × 10-3 ± 1.43 × 10-3	0.35 ± 0.11*	0.34 ± 0.09†	0.07 ± 0.06	1.32 ± 0.48*	1.08 ± 0.16†	0.07 ± 0.05	0.33 ± 0.04	0.52 ± 0.25
6 h
Ipsil	1.13 × 10-3 ± 5.75 × 10-4	0.60 ± 0.22	0.49 ± 0.21	6.79 × 10-4 ± 6.79 × 10-4	0.37 ± 0.09**	0.42 ± 0.03††	0.04 ± 0.02	1.38 ± 0.83	1.58 ± 0.68
Contl	6.00 × 10-3 ± 5.12 × 10-3	0.49 ± 0.06***	0.44 ± 0.03†††	0.08 ± 0.08	0.91 ± 0.53	0.60 ± 0.42	0.08 ± 0.06	1.25 ± 0.30*	0.93 ± 0.17†
12 h
Ipsil	1.59 × 10-3 ± 8.16 × 10-4	0.53 ± 0.24*	0.62 ± 0.18†	0	0.53 ± 0.19**	0.54 ± 0.17††	7.94 × 10-3 ± 5.17 × 10-3	0.75 ± 0.09***	0.85 ± 0.16†††
Contl	1.49 × 10-3 ± 6.99 × 10-4	0.45 ± 0.05***	0.43 ± 0.06†††	4.17 × 10-4 ± 4.17 × 10-4	0.71 ± 0.46	1.02 ± 0.61	0.09 ± 0.09	1.16 ± 0.44*	1.28 ± 0.21†
24 h
Ipsil	7.32 × 10-4 ± 4.13 × 10-4	0.63 ± 0.15*	0.53 ± 0.26†	0	0.62 ± 0.29	1.93 ± 1.52	1.97 × 10-4 ± 1.97 × 10-4	1.28 ± 0.70	0.87 ± 0.40
Contl	1.74 × 10-3 ± 8.96 × 10-4	0.39 ± 0.09**	0.35 ± 0.05††	5.15 × 10-4 ± 5.15 × 10-4	1.42 ± 0.52*	0.48 ± 0.05†	0.05 ± 0.05	2.02 ± 0.72	0.97 ± 0.22
48 h
Ipsil	5.66 × 10-4 ± 3.37 × 10-4	0.33 ± 0.14	0.38 ± 0.18	1.84 × 10-3 ± 1.84 × 10-3	0.08 ± 0.04	0.16 ± 0.04†	7.45 × 10-3 ± 5.32 × 10-3	0.76 ± 0.02***	0.50 ± 0.04†††
Contl	6.04 × 10-3 ± 4.18 × 10-3	0.14 ± 0.02*	0.24 ± 0.05†††	6.85 × 10-4 ± 6.85 × 10-4	0.90 ± 0.83	0.88 ± 0.82	5.59 × 10-3 ± 5.32 × 10-3	0.65 ± 0.16*	0.36 ± 0.08†

Notes: Data are mean ± SEM. for the immunoblotted band intensities of phospho-ERK1 normalized to those of the loading control (total ERK1) obtained from three rats per group. Values from ipsilateral (Ipsil.) and contralateral (Contl.) sides of three indicated areas at ten time points are shown. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, saline-treated rats versus naïve control. † P < 0.05, †† P < 0.01, ††† P < 0.001, bee venom-treated rats versus naïve control.