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Magnitude of virus-specific CD4 T cells expressing IFN-γ, IL-2, or TNF-α. PBMC were stimulated with viral lysates, and the virus-specific CD4 T-cell responses were measured using an intracellular cytokine staining assay. The percentage of total cytokine-positive (+ve) CD4 T cells specific for the indicated virus and positive for each cytokine is plotted.
