Effect of constitutive type 1 fimbrial expression on the motility of UPEC strain F11 and the laboratory E. coli K-12 strain MG1655. Motility of wild-type (WT) F11 (A), F11 fim L-ON (B), F11 fim L-OFF (C), wild-type K-12 (D), K-12 fim L-ON (AAEC554) (E), and K-12 fim L-OFF (AAEC358) (F) in soft agar. Standardized cultures of each strain were stabbed into 0.25% soft agar plates and incubated for 16 h at 30°C. (G) Black and white bars represent the average diameters of swimming (in mm) of triplicate motility plates for the F11 strains and the K-12 strains, respectively. Error bars represent the SEM. Significant differences in motility between the wild type and the respective phase-locked mutants were determined using an unpaired Student's t test with Welch correction (Instat; GraphPad). *, P < 0.0001.