FIG. 8.

AFM imaging of C. novyi NT vegetative cells emerging from the outgrowth experiments. (a) Typical morphology of C. novyi NT cells (amplitude AFM image). (b to d) AFM phase images of a C. novyi NT cell surrounded by spore coat remnants (arrow in panel b). In panels c and d, flagella are seen, as well as numerous, regularly spaced ∼30-nm dots, which have corresponding heights of less than 1 nm. In panel d, a flagellum is seen to be attached to the cell wall with a hook (arrow). Images were taken after the sample was removed from the liquid cell, rinsed, and dried. The times in germination medium (hours:minutes) were 22:00 (a) and 17:00 (b to d).