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. 2007 May 14;75(8):3722–3728. doi: 10.1128/IAI.01770-06

FIG. 4.

FIG. 4.

Serum cytokine levels in IL-10−/− mice after M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis challenge. IL-10−/− mice with a B6 background received a single dose of 200 μl of the control vehicle (i.e., cream), 104 CFU of live M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (live MAP) in cream, or 104 CFU of heat-killed M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (heat-killed MAP) in cream by gavage and were maintained under otherwise germfree conditions. The levels of serum TNF-α, IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 14 weeks after challenge were determined by ELISA, which was capable of detecting >10 pg/ml TNF-α, IFN-γ, or CXCR3 ligand. The data presented are the mean TNF-α, IFN-γ, and CXCR3 ligand concentrations ± SD (ng/ml). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences, i.e., P < 0.01, compared to controls. Experimental groups consisted of 15 mice each. Assays were repeated three times.