Omp31 is implicated in the clumping phenotype and EPS production or export in B. melitensis. (A) Clumping phenotypes of the wt strain, vjbR-defective strain CD100, and vjbR/omp31-defective strain SB200 in 96-well 2YT medium cultures. (B) ELLSA with ConA-peroxidase and supernatants of shaken stationary-phase cultures of the wt, CD100, SB200, and SB200/pSB305 strains. Peroxidase activity is represented by the OD450-OD650 value. Significant differences in relation to the wt strain are indicated by an asterisk (P < 0.05).