Table 4.

Relative risks (RRs) of diabetes according to different levels of HOMA-IR and HOMA-B

HOMA-IR	HOMA-B	(Case/control subjects)	Matching factor–adjusted*	Model 1†	Model 2‡
Low	High	21/236	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)	1.00 (ref.)
Low	Low	140/861	1.72 (1.02–2.92)	1.92 (1.91–4.29)	2.01 (1.09–3.68)
High	High	696/860	9.97 (5.99–16.6)	5.34 (2.96–9.62)	3.97 (2.19–7.19)
High	Low	721/236	36.9 (21.7–62.8)	24.9 (13.4–46.2)	19.5 (10.5–36.3)

Data are RRs (95% CIs) unless otherwise indicated. High and low levels of HOMA-IR and HOMA-B were based on a median split among controls; the median cut points were 1.439 for HOMA-IR and 81.7 for HOMA-B.

^*Matching factors included age, race/ethnicity, clinical center, and time of blood draw.

^†Model 1 was adjusted for matching factors, BMI, alcohol intake, level of physical activity, cigarette smoking status, the use or nonuse of postmenopausal hormone therapy, and family history of diabetes.

^‡Model 2 additionally adjusted for waist-to-hip ratio in Model 1.