Reconstitution of transcription using recombinant dTFIIE. The transcription factors TFIID, -A, -B, -F, -H, and RNA pol II were included in all reactions. TFIIE was omitted in lane 1. Recombinant hTFIIE was included in lane 2. Increasing amounts of dTFIIE was included in lanes 3–5 (2 ng, 5 ng, and 60 ng of renatured dTFIIE shown in Fig. 3A). The Drosophila Adh distal promoter was used as a transcription template (supercoiled plasmid), and RNA synthesis was analyzed by primer extension analysis.