Table 1.
United States Medical Graduate (USMG) and International Medical School Graduate (IMG) Physician Characteristics by Year
| 1986 (N=341) | 1990 (N=320) | 1994 (N=290) | 1998 (N=211) | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physician Characteristics N | African- American USMG 35 | White USMG 280 | Other Race USMG 4 | IMG 22 | African- American USMG 35 | White USMG 252 | Other Race USMG 3 | IMG 30 | African- American USMG 32 | White USMG 221 | Other Race USMG 6 | IMG 31 | African- American USMG 28 | White USMG 160 | Other Race USMG 5 | IMG 18 | p-value* |
| Male | 88.6 | 85.4 | 75.0 | 81.8 | 74.3 | 83.3 | 66.7 | 76.7 | 68.8 | 77.4 | 66.7 | 90.3 | 71.4 | 77.5 | 80.0 | 83.3 | NA† |
| Age (mean) | 47.4 | 45.8 | 37.3 | 46.2 | 49.8 | 46.2 | 43.3 | 46.6 | 48.2 | 46.9 | 44.7 | 47.7 | 52.4 | 49.7 | 42.6 | 51.8 | .188 |
| 65 + | 20.0 | 9.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 22.9 | 12.7 | 33.3 | 6.7 | 15.6 | 10.9 | 16.7 | 3.2 | 14.3 | 11.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | NA† |
| 36–64 | 60.0 | 59.6 | 25.0 | 86.4 | 62.9 | 61.1 | 0.0 | 86.7 | 71.9 | 73.3 | 50.0 | 93.5 | 85.7 | 81.9 | 80.0 | 100.0 | <.001 |
| 35 or less | 20.0 | 30.7 | 75.0 | 13.6 | 14.3 | 26.2 | 66.7 | 6.7 | 12.5 | 15.8 | 33.3 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 20.0 | 0.0 | .002 |
| Years since medical school graduation (mean) | 19.0 | 19.3 | 10.3 | 20.9 | 21.8 | 19.6 | 15.0 | 21.9 | 20.1 | 20.2 | 18.0 | 22.9 | 24.1 | 22.6 | 16.4 | 26.8 | .014 |
| Primary specialty: FP, GP, IM, geriatrics | 82.9 | 54.6 | 75.0 | 50.0 | 74.3 | 65.9 | 66.7 | 56.7 | 71.9 | 71.9 | 83.3 | 64.5 | 67.9 | 70.6 | 60.0 | 77.8 | NA† |
| Board certified with primary specialty In FP, GP, IM, geriatrics | 62.9 | 42.1 | 50.0 | 40.9 | 65.7 | 47.6 | 33.3 | 43.3 | 43.8 | 33.0 | 50.0 | 29.0 | 42.9 | 30.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | .974‡ |
| Board certified with other primary specialty | 8.6 | 36.8 | 25.0 | 50.0 | 17.1 | 24.2 | 0.0 | 30.0 | 12.5 | 15.4 | 0.0 | 16.1 | 17.9 | 11.3 | 0.0 | 5.6 | .146‡ |
| Provided care in public clinic/hospital or ER | 54.3 | 37.1 | 25.0 | 31.8 | 48.6 | 33.7 | 100.0 | 30.0 | 34.4 | 27.1 | 50.0 | 19.4 | 32.1 | 18.1 | 20.0 | 0.0 | .091 |
| Provided care in private office/hospital only | 45.7 | 62.9 | 75.0 | 68.2 | 51.4 | 65.9 | 0.0 | 70.0 | 65.6 | 72.9 | 50.0 | 80.6 | 67.9 | 81.3 | 80.0 | 100.0 | .083 |
P-value indicates differences in physician characteristics between categories of USMG and IMG and is obtained from Generalized Estimating Equations.
P-value indicates there is a differential effect over time (significant interaction of USMG/IMG by time) in which differences in characteristics vary across time therefore no main effects model can be presented (male MD p =0.041; MD age≥65 p<0.001; MD whose primary specialty in FP, GP, IM, geriatrics, p =.045).
P-value from Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel tests to identify the association between whether a MD has ever been board certified during the study time period and race.
FP, family practice; GP, general practice; IM, internal medicine, NA, not applicable.