Table 1.
Effect of Cash and Counseling on Personal Care/Waiver Service Receipt and Expenditures, by Year
| Percent Receiving Personal Care/Waiver Services | Personal Care/Waiver Expenditures (Dollars) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State/Age Group | Predicted Treatment Group Mean | Predicted Control Group Mean | Estimated Effect | p-value | Predicted Treatment Group Mean | Predicted Control Group Mean | Estimated Effect | p-value |
| Arkansas | ||||||||
| Nonelderly | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =556) | 97.8 | 63.2 | 34.6 | .000 | 5,435 | 2,430 | 3,005 | .000 |
| Year 2 (n =385) | 84.0 | 48.2 | 35.9 | .000 | 5,030 | 2,009 | 3,021 | .000 |
| Elderly | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =1,452) | 96.8 | 75.2 | 21.6 | .000 | 4,313 | 2,292 | 2,021 | .000 |
| Year 2 (n =929) | 71.6 | 56.8 | 14.8 | .002 | 3,396 | 1,734 | 1,661 | .000 |
| Florida | ||||||||
| Nonelderly | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =913) | 99.6 | 99.8 | −0.2 | .562 | 22,019 | 18,321 | 3,696 | .000 |
| Year 2 (n =833) | 97.6 | 97.4 | 0.2 | .856 | 24,932 | 21,491 | 3,440 | .001 |
| Elderly | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =904) | 99.1 | 98.7 | 0.5 | .520 | 10,496 | 10,063 | 433 | .223 |
| Year 2 (n =591) | 81.1 | 75.5 | 5.6 | .097 | 8,983 | 8,328 | 655 | .328 |
| Children | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =1,002) | 99.8 | 99.2 | 0.6 | .179 | 15,966 | 12,647 | 3,319 | .000 |
| Year 2 (n =1,002) | 97.4 | 97.4 | 0.0 | 1.000 | 18,859 | 14,046 | 4,812 | .000 |
| New Jersey | ||||||||
| Nonelderly | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =813) | 95.8 | 87.6 | 8.2 | .000 | 11,166 | 9,220 | 1,946 | .000 |
| Year 2 (n =671) | 85.2 | 67.6 | 17.7 | .000 | 11,772 | 8,127 | 3,645 | .000 |
| Elderly | ||||||||
| Year 1 (n =917) | 97.0 | 89.7 | 7.3 | .000 | 11,891 | 10,650 | 1,241 | .000 |
| Year 2 (n =776) | 83.2 | 74.0 | 9.2 | .002 | 10,938 | 9,396 | 1,542 | .005 |
Means predicted using regression models that controlled for baseline measures of the consumer's demographic characteristics, health and functioning, unmet needs for personal care, baseline care plan value, preenrollment Medicaid expenditures, preenrollment diagnoses, the consumer's length of time enrolled in Medicaid, and whether they were enrolled in Medicare, a health maintenance organization, and other Medicaid waiver programs. For adults, year 2 results pertain to those who enrolled earlier than May 1, 2000 in Arkansas; October 1, 2001 in Florida; and January 1, 2002 in New Jersey.
Source: Medicaid claims data.