Schematic representation of lentiviral vectors containing modified U6 promoter sequences or Tet-dependent repressor and transactivator sequences. (A) Promoters. DSE, distal sequence element; PSE, proximal sequence element; TO, tetracycline operator; TATA, TATA box; hU6, human U6 promoter; Tet-hU6, human U6 promoter with an internal TO; TRE/TetU6, a second–generation TRE, lacking a TATA box and consisting of eight repositioned TO sequences placed upstream of the Tet-hU6 promoter; PittΔU6, hU6 promoter with DSE element deleted and replaced using a second-generation TRE lacking a TATA box. (B) Repressors and transactivators. PCMV, human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter; TetR, tetracycline repressor; KRABAB, KRAB-AB domain of the Kid-1 protein; rtTA, amino acids 1–207 derived from the Tet-controlled rtTA2S-M2 reverse transactivator; Sp1-AB, Sp1-B and Sp1-pB, Sp1-derived transactivation domains.