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Morphology (4,10,11)
Domes
Form polarized monolayers
Adjacent cells form tight junctions
Brush border (although not as elaborated as in vivo)
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Transport properties
Sodium–glucose cotransport system (4,10)
Sodium–phosphate cotransport system (6)
p-Aminohippurate transport system (12)
Amiloride-sensitive sodium transport (13)
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Responses to hormones and other effector molecules
Parathyroid hormone-sensitive cyclic AMP production (4)
Regulation of phosphate transport by glucocorticoids and estrogens (14,15)
Regulation of sodium transport by angiotensin II (16)
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Enzymes; Metabolic properties
Leucine aminopeptidase (4)
Alkaline phosphatase (4)
Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (4)
Glutathione (17,18)
Glutathione-S-transferase (17,19)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (11)
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (20)
Aerobic metabolism (10)
Hexose monophosphate shunt (10)
Gluconeogenesis (21)
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Growth properties
Cell growth in serum-free medium (4)
Growth in response to insulin, transferrin and hydrocortisone (4,20)
Growth in response to estrogens (15,22)
Growth in response to laminin, collagen, and fibronectin
Growth improved on colloidal silica (9)
Growth in glucose-free medium (21)
Can undergo two passages (9)
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Responsiveness to toxicants
Mercury toxicity (17,18)
Ifosfamide toxicity (23,24)