Table 3.
Cox proportional hazards models to compare risk of first cardiovascular event according to baseline blood pressure category. Values are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals)
| Endpoint | Baseline blood pressure, systolic/diastolic (mm Hg) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <120/75 | 120-9/75-84 | 130-9/85-9* | Hypertension† | |
| Major cardiovascular event‡ | ||||
| Crude | 0.33 (0.26 to 0.42) | 0.48 (0.39 to 0.60) | 1.0 | 1.56 (1.30 to 1.86) |
| Age adjusted | 0.44 (0.35 to 0.55) | 0.56 (0.45 to 0.70) | 1.0 | 1.41 (1.18 to 1.69) |
| Multivariable adjusted§ | 0.51 (0.40 to 0.64) | 0.61 (0.48 to 0.76) | 1.0 | 1.30 (1.08 to 1.57) |
| Stroke | ||||
| Crude | 0.49 (0.36 to 0.69) | 0.59 (0.43 to 0.82) | 1.0 | 1.92 (1.46 to 2.53) |
| Age adjusted | 0.66 (0.47 to 0.92) | 0.69 (0.50 to 0.96) | 1.0 | 1.74 (1.32 to 2.29) |
| Multivariable adjusted§ | 0.72 (0.51 to 1.01) | 0.74 (0.53 to 1.03) | 1.0 | 1.61 (1.21 to 2.14) |
| Myocardial infarction | ||||
| Crude | 0.21 (0.15 to 0.31) | 0.40 (0.29 to 0.55) | 1.0 | 1.25 (0.96 to 1.62) |
| Age adjusted | 0.27 (0.19 to 0.40) | 0.45 (0.33 to 0.63) | 1.0 | 1.15 (0.88 to 1.50) |
| Multivariable adjusted§ | 0.34 (0.23 to 0.50) | 0.50 (0.36 to 0.71) | 1.0 | 1.03 (0.78 to 1.35) |
| Death from cardiovascular causes | ||||
| Crude | 0.37 (0.23 to 0.61) | 0.51 (0.32 to 0.81) | 1.0 | 2.10 (1.43 to 3.08) |
| Age adjusted | 0.55 (0.33 to 0.91) | 0.63 (0.39 to 1.01) | 1.0 | 1.83 (1.25 to 2.69) |
| Multivariable adjusted§ | 0.66 (0.39 to 1.10) | 0.65 (0.39 to 1.06) | 1.0 | 1.68 (1.13 to 2.50) |
| Coronary revascularisation | ||||
| Crude | 0.26 (0.20 to 0.34) | 0.38 (0.30 to 0.49) | 1.0 | 1.35 (1.12 to 1.64) |
| Age adjusted | 0.31 (0.24 to 0.41) | 0.42 (0.33 to 0.54) | 1.0 | 1.26 (1.04 to 1.53) |
| Multivariable adjusted§ | 0.38 (0.29 to 0.50) | 0.49 (0.38 to 0.64) | 1.0 | 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32) |
| Death from any cause | ||||
| Crude | 0.58 (0.47 to 0.71) | 0.70 (0.57 to 0.85) | 1.0 | 1.43 (1.19 to 1.72) |
| Age adjusted | 0.81 (0.66 to 1.00) | 0.84 (0.69 to 1.03) | 1.0 | 1.27 (1.06 to 1.53) |
| Multivariable adjusted§ | 0.91 (0.73 to 1.13) | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.10) | 1.0 | 1.26 (1.04 to 1.52) |
*Reference category.
†Defined as previous diagnosis of hypertension, systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or receiving blood pressure lowering treatment.
‡Defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes.
§Adjusted for age, smoking, diabetes, history of hypercholesterolaemia, body mass index, exercise, alcohol consumption, highest educational level, and randomised treatment assignments (aspirin, vitamin E, and β carotene); owing to missing covariates, the multivariable (crude) analysis was based on 930 (982) major cardiovascular events, 456 (478) strokes, 365 (389) myocardial infarctions, 226 (239) cardiovascular deaths, 706 (748) revascularisations, and 1025 (1077) all cause deaths among 37 787 (39 322) women.