Table 3.
Isolation of integrative and conjugative resistance element (ICE) at follow-up according to antibiotic prescribing and whether element was isolated at initial visit. Figures are numbers (percentages) of children unless stated otherwise
| Children prescribed antibiotic (n=71) | Children not prescribed antibiotic (n=48) | Risk (risk ratio) of isolation of resistance element at follow-up if antibiotic prescribed (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICEHin1056 isolated at initial visit | 20/62 (32) | 15/39 (38) | — |
| ICEHin1056 isolated at 2 week visit: | |||
| Total | 42/63 (67) | 14/39 (36) | 1.9 (1.3 to 2.7) |
| Isolated at initial visit* | 15/20 (75) | 6/15 (40) | 1.9 |
| Not isolated at initial visit* | 25/42 (60) | 7/24 (29) | 2.0 |
| ICEHin1056 isolated at 12 week visit: | |||
| Total | 24/66 (36) | 15/40 (37) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.7) |
| Isolated at initial visit* | 10/20 (50) | 7/15 (47) | 1.1 |
| Not isolated at initial visit* | 12/42 (29) | 8/24 (33) | 0.9 |
*Do not sum to total for all children because Haemophilus species were not isolated from every child at every visit (see text).