Table 2.

Results of the mixed linear model ANOVAs (on log-transformed data) with temperature, sex and effect of selection¹ as fixed effects and population nested within effect of selection, sex and temperature on the standardised size values of the experimental selected populations and the inbred controls after one generation of mass-breeding for wing area, cell area and cell number.

		WING AREA		CELL AREA		CELL NUMBER
Source of variation	Df	MS	F	MS	F	MS	F
Temperature	1	0.0046	0.38	0.024	0.91	0.071	5.18*
Sex	1	0.0077	0.63	0.0154	0.58	0.0011	0.08
Effect of selection	1	0.359	29.5***	0.2342	8.9**	0.18	13.16**
Temperature × sex	1	0.0001	0.01	0.0084	0.32	0.002	0.146
Temperature × effect of selection	1	0.0326	2.67	0.0092	0.35	0.0008	0.057
Sex × effect of selection	1	0.0044	0.36	0.0007	0.025	0.0156	1.13
Temperature × sex × effect of selection	1	0.0007	0.056	0.0019	0.07	0.002	0.15
Population nested within (effect of selection, sex and temperature)	24	0.0122	23.9***	0.0265	35.6***	0.0137	18.9***
Residuals	741/737/682	0.0005		0.0007		0.0007

¹ Effect of selection: difference between inbred controls and selection lines.

*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 ***P < 0.001; Df, degrees of freedom; MS, mean square; F, variance ratio.