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Management of bile leaks before and after the introduction of a minimally invasive protocol
| No protocol 1993–1998 (n = 10) | Minimally invasive protocol 1998–2003 (n = 14) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percutaneous USS-guided aspiration/drainage | 3 (30) | 4 (29) | 1.00 |
| ERCP | 2 (20) | 11 (79) | 0.01 |
| Stone extracted | 0 | 4(29) | |
| Endoscopic sphincterotomy | 0 | 4(29) | |
| Stent insertion | 1 (10) | 10 (72) | |
| Laparoscopy | 0 | 5(36) | 0.05 |
| Laparotomy | 6 (60) | 0 (0) | < 0.01 |
Values expressed as raw data (%).
