Table 4.

Spectrum and outcome of surgical studies on HIV and AIDS

First author (year)	Country	No	Duration (years)	Pathology	HIV+	AIDS	Mortality (early)	Mortality (late)	Morbidity	Transmission predominance
Robinson10 (1986)	USA	21	4	Mixed	All	All	48%	NS	NS	Homosexual
Wilson9 (1989)	USA	35	5	Mixed	All	All	9%	46%	14%	Homosexual
Diettrich13 (1991)	USA	88	NS	Surgery	All	48%	19%a, 9%b	36%	18%	Homosexual
Whitney15 (1992)	USA	28	7	Appendicitis	All	25%	0	NS	18%	Homosexual
Ayers29 (1993)	USA	343	10	Mixed	All	8%	17%	61%	38%	Homosexual
Hewitt25 (1996)	USA	57	2	Haemorrhoids	27	NS	0	NS	3 bled	Homosexual
Tran26 (2000)	USA	55	1	Mixed	All	40%	11%	NS	24%	Drugs
Yii28 (1995)	Australia	45	9	Mixed	All	67%	12%	35%	7% (HIV), 61% (AIDS)	Homosexual
Consten27 (1995)	The Netherlands	83	10	Mixed anal conditions	All	68%	NS	63%	Woundc healing	Homosexual
Savioz22 (1996)	Switzerland	17	7	Appendicitis	All	35%	NS	NS	9% (HIV), 50% (AIDS)	Drug
Wakeman30 (1990)	UK	112	1	Mixed	40 (35%)	6	0	NS	6%	Homosexual
Davidson12 (1991)	UK	28	3	Emergency laparotomy	All	All	11%	52%	NS	Homosexual
Davis17 (1999)	UK	106	10	Mixed	53 (50%)	92%	NS	NS	Woundc	Homosexual
Lewis4 (2003)	Malawi	486	2 weeks	All surgical admissions	175 (36%)	8%	5%	NS	NS	Heterosexual
Kalima3 (1990)	Zambia	171	3 months	All surgical admissions	23 (14%)	13%	NS	NS	12% (HIV), 26% (AIDS)	Heterosexual
Bhagwanjee2 (1997)	South Africa	402	1	All ICU admissions	52 (13%)	0	24%d, 29%e	NS	Organ failure higher in HIV+	Heterosexual
Wiersma5 (2003)	South Africa	39	6	Rectal fistulae	All	NS	NS	NS	83%	Vertical MTC
This report	South Africa	350	3 months	All surgical admissions	137 (39%)	23%	4%	NS	15% (HIV), 20% (AIDS)	Heterosexual

^aEmergency surgery

^belective surgery

^cimpaired in AIDS patients

^dHIV⁻

^eHIV⁺