Table 3.

What doesn't work

• Abstaining from coitus until ovulation does not improve the semen or likelihood of conception. Increasing coital frequency (alternate days) supplies more viable spermatozoa that normally remain motile in the female tract for two to three days
• Treatment with gonadotrophin injections, androgens (mesterolone) or antioestrogens (clomifene or tamoxifen) is not indicated because although they may improve the sperm count, fertility rates are not improved as the spermatozoa remain dysfunctional