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. 2003 Sep 20;327(7416):669–672. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7416.669

Table 6.

Conservative measures for men with suboptimal semen analyses

• Stop smoking—Nicotine reduces seminal plasma antioxidants
• Have frequent intercourse—Increases output of non-senile spermatozoa
• Reduce alcohol intake—Alcohol can suppress spermatogenesis
• Wear boxer shorts and avoid hot baths—Heat suppresses spermatogenesis
• Avoid pesticides, herbicides, heat, and radiation at work—All impair spermatogenesis