Figure 5. Example of a 144-bp CNC on Chromosome 21 (q22.11) with a Dramatic Accumulation of Changes on the Human Lineage (See Text).

(A) Data at the 20 sites that are variable among these five species, with human-specific changes in red.

(B) Estimated tree for this CNC.

(C) Estimated neutral tree based on neighboring CNCs. The scale bar indicates the expected number of substitutions per site, per unit branch length.

(D) SRT_h values for amniotic CNCs located on human Chromosome 21. The red circle indicates the CNC illustrated above.