The IL-6–sIL-6R fusion protein H-IL-6 induces survival of sympathetic neurons. (A) The time course of sympathetic neuron survival after treatment with 100 ng/ml NGF (▵), 10 ng/ml H-IL-6 (•), 10 ng/ml IL-6 (⊕), or medium alone (□) is shown. Neuronal survival was determined after 1, 3, and 6 days of culture by the MTT assay. (B) Dose–response of sympathetic neurons treated with H-IL-6 for 5 days. Data are derived from three independent experiments (n = 3). (C) Independence of the responses to NGF and IL-6/sIL-6R. Dissociated sympathetic neurons were plated into medium containing growth factors and/or neutralizing Abs as indicated for 6 days (100 ng/ml NGF, 200 mg/ml anti-NGF Ab 23c4, 10 ng/ml H-IL-6, 10 mg/ml anti-IL-6 Ab 16). Cultures were analyzed by the MTT assay. In B and C, the OD obtained in the MTT assay for NGF-treated cells was set at 100% and the OD measured for neurons treated with H-IL-6 was expressed as percentage of this value. The data are derived from two independent experiments (n = 3).