Table 1.
Number of haplotype samples (n), substitution rates, SE of substitution rates, ϴ per generation, effective population size (Ne), and census size (N) for each marker
| Marker | n | Substitution rate, bp−1·year−1 | SE of substitution rate | ϴ gen−1 | Ne | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACTA | 72 | 5.00 × 10−10 | 2.47 × 10−11 | 0.001527 | 51,464 | 162,625 |
| BTN | 72 | 4.50 × 10−10 | 3.07 × 10−11 | 0.000717 | 24,165 | 76,360 |
| CP | 76 | 5.00 × 10−10 | 2.78 × 10−11 | 0.000726 | 24,468 | 77,319 |
| ESD | 72 | 3.50 × 10−10 | 2.63 × 10−11 | 0.002557 | 86,177 | 272,320 |
| FGG | 72 | 1.50 × 10−10 | 1.05 × 10−11 | 0.001697 | 57,193 | 180,730 |
| G6PD* | 30 | 3.50 × 10−10 | 2.54 × 10−11 | 0.000026 | 876 | 2,769 |
| PLP* | 52 | 4.00 × 10−10 | 1.61 × 10−11 | 0.000870 | 29,321 | 92,655 |
| LACTAL | 72 | 1.00 × 10−9 | 8.75 × 10−11 | 0.000417 | 14,054 | 44,410 |
| WT1 | 80 | 4.00 × 10−10 | 2.60 × 10−11 | 0.000488 | 16,447 | 51,972 |
| Cyt b† | 42 | 4.00 × 10−9 | 1.34 × 10−10 | 0.001012 | 34,107 | 107,778 |
Values of ϴ are given by using a scale in which the average substitution rate is 4.79 × 10−10 substitutions bp−1·year−1 based on seven autosomal nuclear introns; ϴ values reported for X-linked introns and mitochondrial markers have been scaled by additional factors as described in the text. Ne was calculated by using the lower value for generation time, 15.5 years.
*Located on chromosome X.
†Located on the mitochondrion.