Table 2.

Demographic and life history, alcohol-related functioning, and social context and coping indices at 3-year follow-up for help and 16-year relapse groups.

	No help group		Helped group
Index	Remit (n = 17)	Relapse (n = 26)	Remit (n = 129)	Relapse (n = 97)	Help group	Relapse group	Interaction
Demographic factors
Gender (% female)	41.2	61.5	59.7	53.6	< 1	< 1	2.46
Age (years)	38.2	34.3	34.9	33.7	1.32	2.19	< 1
Education (years)	13.7	12.8	13.6	13.0	< 1	5.54*	< 1
Married (%)	47.1	26.9	24.8	26.8	1.61	< 1	2.15
Employed (%)	64.7	42.3	47.3	32.0	2.64	7.40**	< 1
Life history
Age recognized drinking problem	31.9	27.0	28.3	27.5	< 1	1.67	1.67
Life-time drinking problems	9.7	10.1	18.3	12.5	16.36**	27.89**	5.98*
Tried to cut down (%)	35.3	50.0	75.2	45.4	3.24	15.54**	7.79**
Drinking patterns/problems
Alcohol consumption (frequency)	0.9	2.6	0.4	1.3	11.26**	23.15**	2.31
Alcohol consumption (maximum oz.)	0.5	2.1	0.7	1.6	< 1	7.05**	< 1
Drinking a significant problem (%)	17.6	23.1	57.4	39.2	10.37**	5.92*	2.08
Psychological/social
Self-efficacy (0–10)	9.5	8.4	9.3	8.7	< 1	7.43**	< 1
Depression (0–36)	9.3	10.4	12.0	12.3	3.45	< 1	< 1
Social functioning (0– 11)	4.4	4.1	5.4	4.7	2.39	2.93	< 1
Context and coping
Chronic stressors	49.3	48.8	49.3	49.6	< 1	< 1	< 1
Negative events (0–38)	3.1	3.6	3.0	2.8	1.72	< 1	< 1
Social resources	51.9	51.1	50.9	49.5	1.81	3.17	< 1
Positive events (0–13)	2.6	2.3	2.7	2.6	< 1	< 1	< 1
Problem solving (0–18)	11.3	12.5	11.9	11.5	< 1	< 1	1.63
Avoidance (0–18)	3.6	4.4	4.9	4.9	2.70	< 1	< 1
DrInk to reduce tension (%)	5.9	30.8	10.1	23.7	< 1	11.55**	< 1

Chronic stressors and social resources are standardized indices with overall mean = 50 and SD = 10.

^*P < 0.05;

^**P < 0.01.