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. 2007 Sep 1;30(9):1105–1110. doi: 10.1093/sleep/30.9.1105

Table 2.

Multivariate-Adjusted Mortality Hazard Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) by Reported Nighttime Dleep Duration, Stratified by Sex

Hours of nighttime sleep
 P for trend
<7 7 – 7.9 8 – 8.9 9 – 9.9 ≥10
Male (n = 1748)
    Multivariate model 1a 0.97 (0.76–1.23) 1 1.11 (0.91–1.36) 1.33 (1.08–1.65) 1.86 (1.48–2.34) <0.001
    Multivariate model 2b 0.97 (0.76–1.25) 1 1.09 (0.90–1.33) 1.21 (0.97–1.50) 1.62 (1.29–2.05) <0.001
    Multivariate model 3c 0.99 (0.77–1.27) 1 1.09 (0.89–1.33) 1.15 (0.92–1.44) 1.53 (1.20–1.94) <0.001
    Multivariate model 4d 0.98 (0.76–1.25) 1 1.09 (0.89–1.33) 1.14 (0.91–1.42) 1.51 (1.19–1.92) <0.001
    2-year lag modele 1.07 (0.82–1.39) 1 1.13 (0.91–1.41) 1.24 (0.97–1.58) 1.42 (1.08–1.86) 0.001
Female (n = 1331)
    Multivariate model 1a 1.04 (0.71–1.51) 1 1.45 (1.08–1.95) 1.96 (1.45–2.65) 2.49 (1.84–3.37) <0.001
    Multivariate model 2b 1.10 (0.75–1.62) 1 1.38 (1.02–1.86) 1.89 (1.39–2.58) 2.19 (1.60–2.99) <0.001
    Multivariate model 3c 1.14 (0.77–1.67) 1 1.36 (1.00–1.83) 1.85 (1.36–2.53) 2.07 (1.51–2.84) <0.001
    Multivariate model 4d 1.14 (0.77–1.67) 1 1.36 (1.01–1.84) 1.86 (1.36–2.53) 2.06 (1.50–2.83) <0.001
    2-year lag modele 1.11 (0.73–1.70) 1 1.46 (1.05–2.03) 1.95 (1.38–2.75) 2.26 (1.59–3.22) <0.001
a

Hazard ratios have been adjusted for age at 1993.

b

Hazard ratios have been adjusted for age at 1993, marital status, monthly income, cigarettes smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and exercise.

c

Hazard ratios have been adjusted for above plus disease history (heart disease, stroke, and cancer), and depression.

d

Hazard ratios have been adjusted for above plus afternoon nap duration.

e

Hazard ratios adjusted for all above variables are calculated only for 2834 study participants (1602 males and 1232 females) who survived at least 2 years after the 1993 interview.

Bold figures indicates statistically different from 7–7.9 hours of sleep.