Effect of genes that alter mitochondrial superoxide production and of PARP inhibition on poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of GAPDH (a), and on GAPDH activity (b), in BAECs. Cells were incubated in 5 mM glucose or 30 mM glucose alone, in 30 mM glucose plus either control, UCP-1– or MnSOD-expressing adenoviral vectors, and in 30 mM glucose plus 3 μM PJ34. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of four separate experiments. *P < 0.01 compared with cells incubated in 5 mM glucose alone.