Table 2.
Multiple regression analyses predicting posttreatment to 12-month follow-up outcome measure changes from changes in belief factors, catastrophizing, and coping factors
| Variables | R2 | F change | Standardized Beta |
|---|---|---|---|
| Change in physical disability (RMDQ) | |||
| Cognitions and Coping | .47 | 12.85*** | |
| Change in Pain as Illness Beliefs | .17 | ||
| Change in Medical Focus | .18* | ||
| Change in Permanence and Mystery Beliefs | .17* | ||
| Change in Self-Blame and Constancy Beliefs | .12 | ||
| Change in Catastrophizing | .04 | ||
| Change in Cognitive Coping and Increasing Activities | -.17 | ||
| Change in Passive Coping | .50*** | ||
| Change in Prayer and Persistence Coping | -.08 | ||
| Change in Active Coping | .01 | ||
| Change in depressive symptoms (CES-D) | |||
| Cognitions and Coping | .41 | 9.90*** | |
| Change in Pain as Illness Beliefs | .02 | ||
| Change in Medical Focus | .15 | ||
| Change in Permanence and Mystery Beliefs | .13 | ||
| Change in Self-Blame and Constancy Beliefs | .06 | ||
| Change in Catastrophizing | .39*** | ||
| Change in Cognitive Coping and Increasing Activities | -.13 | ||
| Change in Passive Coping | .19* | ||
| Change in Prayer and Persistence Coping | -.05 | ||
| Change in Active Coping | -.01 | ||
| Change in pain intensity (composite of NRS ratings) | |||
| Cognitions and Coping | .39 | 9.40*** | |
| Change in Pain as Illness Beliefs | .25** | ||
| Change in Medical Focus | .09 | ||
| Change in Permanence and Mystery Beliefs | .12 | ||
| Change in Self-Blame and Constancy Beliefs | .18* | ||
| Change in Catastrophizing | .02 | ||
| Change in Cognitive Coping and Increasing Activities | -.08 | ||
| Change in Passive Coping | .43** | ||
| Change in Prayer and Persistence Coping | -.12 | ||
| Change in Active Coping | -.24** | ||
*
P < .05
**
P < .01
***
P < .001
Note: N = 141. RMDQ = Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression scale. NRS = Numerical Pain Rating. The regression analyses reported in this table were also performed by entering (controlling for) the changes in other outcome variables to identify the process variables that predict unique variance in each outcome independent of the other outcomes; the pattern of findings in both analyses were generally the same.