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. 1998 Mar 31;95(7):3708–3713. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.7.3708

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Evolutionary tree of primate ECP and EDN genes. The root of this tree is located on the branch linking node a and the NW monkey tamarin if we use mouse sequences (54, 55) as outgroups. The gene duplication occurred at node a. (A) The b̂N and b̂S for each branch are presented as b̂N (×100)/b̂S (×100) above the branch. The standard errors of b̂N and b̂S are 0.0176 and 0.0151 for the branch a–b and 0.0108 and 0.0056 for the branch d–e, respectively. The statistical significance of the positiveness of b̂N − b̂S was determined by one-tailed Z test and is indicated by asterisks (∗∗, 1%). (B) The numbers of nonsynonymous (n) and synonymous (s) substitutions per sequence per branch are presented as n/s above each branch. The N/S ratio for the sequences is given above the tree. The statistical significance of the difference between n/s and N/S was tested by Fisher’s exact test (Table 1).