Table 2 Baseline characteristics of GAZEL cohort women according to father's and own mid‐life occupational grade.
| Own mid‐life occupational grade | Father's job | p Value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High grade | Low grade | Unknown | |||||
| High (→), n = 1 970 | Low (↓), n = 630 | High (↑), n = 1 512 | Low (→), n = 771 | High, n = 457 | Low, n = 259 | ||
| Age, years (mean, SD) | 42.3 (4.21) | 41.3 (3.98) | 42.5 (4.14) | 41.0 (4.06) | 42.7 (4.06) | 42.1 (4.08) | *** |
| Height <1.62 m (%) | 37.8 | 38.7 | 39.6 | 42.8 | 40.7 | 41.7 | *** |
| Missing data | 14.8 | 21.1 | 16.6 | 21.5 | 18.8 | 21.6 | |
| Educational level (%) | |||||||
| <High school | 65.6 | 84.1 | 81.7 | 91.6 | 79.0 | 89.9 | *** |
| ⩾High school | 34.4 | 19.9 | 18.3 | 8.4 | 21.0. | 10.1 | |
| Years at EDF‐GDF (mean, SD) | 18.8 (7.09) | 15.4 (7.49) | 19.5 (6.73) | 14.7 (7.45) | 19.7 (7.02) | 15.1 (8.20) | *** |
| Low‐grade job at hire | 79.9 | 100 | 90.5 | 100 | 90.6 | 100 | *** |
| Marital status (%) | ** | ||||||
| Married or with partner | 78.6 | 77.4 | 79.2 | 75.8 | 75.4 | 70.8 | |
| Single | 8.0 | 5.2 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 8.5 | 6.6 | |
| Separated or widowed | 13.4 | 17.4 | 13.6 | 17.8 | 16.1 | 22.6 | |
| Cumulative smoking, pack‐years (%) | ** | ||||||
| Never smoker | 62.5 | 62.5 | 69.1 | 69.0 | 65.0 | 62.6 | |
| <10 | 17.4 | 18.9 | 14.1 | 13.4 | 13.8 | 13.1 | |
| 10–20 | 10.7 | 9.2 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 10.8 | |
| ⩾20 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 7.2 | 7.7 | |
| Missing data | 3.1 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 5.9 | 5.8 | |
| Alcohol consumption, drinks/day (%) | *** | ||||||
| 0 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.0 | |
| 1 | 84.1 | 79.5 | 85.1 | 81.4 | 79.4 | 83.8 | |
| 2–3 | 7.9 | 9.8 | 8.4 | 7.5 | 8.9 | 3.5 | |
| ⩾4 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 1.9 | |
| Missing data | 1.8 | 3.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 5.8 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (%) | ** | ||||||
| <20 | 17.6 | 15.0 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 14.6 | 13.9 | |
| 25–30 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.0 | 12.2 | 11.3 | 13.1 | |
| >30 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 1.9 | |
| Missing data | 15.0 | 21.6 | 16.8 | 21.7 | 19.0 | 21.6 | |
| Fruits and vegetables (%) | *** | ||||||
| <Daily | 23.9 | 24.2 | 21.6 | 21.6 | 24.5 | 22.4 | |
| Missing data | 11.6 | 18.8 | 14.2 | 18.6 | 16.9 | 19.3 | |
| Poor self‐rated health (%) | 14.1 | 14.3 | 10.9 | 18.2 | 15.6 | 21.4 | *** |
| Deaths (n) † | |||||||
| All causes | 28 | 17 | 35 | 20 | 13 | 4 | |
| Cancer | 11 | 8 | 17 | 11 | 6 | 3 | |
BMI, body mass index; EDF‐GDF, Electricité de France–Gaz de France.
→, stable socioeconomic circumstances; ↓, downward mobility over life course; ↑, upward mobility over life course.
***p<0.001, **p<0.01, comparing baseline characteristics across life‐course trajectories.
The causes of death were coded using the 10the version of the International Classification of Diseases: cancer (C00–C97).