Table 1.

Components of comprehensive cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk communication

1. “What is a heart attack?”

Graphic illlustration of the atherosclerotic process using simple language, diagrams, and analogies Graphic description of the consequences of a CVD event, eg, pain, disability, and death as possible consequences of a myocardial infarction Patient testimonials

2. “What is my risk of having a heart attack?”

Calculation of individual CVD risk (UKPDS Risk Engine) Assign risk severity: eg, “high” Compare individual risk with “average” risk Compare hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, and cholesterol with recommended targets

3. “How can I reduce my risk?”

Overview of therapeutic options Shared decision making to develop a treatment plan Regular follow-up and feedback regarding the status of CVD risk factors

note: UKPDS, United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study; UKPDS Risk Engine is available at www.dtu.ox.ac.uk/index.html?maindoc=/ukpds.