Table 1.
Comparison of the extraction yields (percentage of extracted matter from raw propolis) for the maceration extraction, UE and MAE*
| Extraction type | Propolis/solvent (m/V) | Time | Total phenolics, % | Total flavones/flavonols, % | Total flavanones/dihydroflavonols, % | Total extract, % |
| Maceration | 1:20 | 72 h | 44 ± 2 | 8.6 ± 0.1 | 18 ± 1 | 58 ± 3 |
| Maceration | 1:10 | 72 h | 43 ± 2 | 8.8 ± 0.1 | 19 ± 2 | 55 ± 1 |
| UE | 1:20 | 10 min | 35.9 ± 0.5 | 9.4 ± 0.2 | 20 ± 5 | 41 ± 1 |
| UE | 1:20 | 30 min | 50 ± 1 | 8.6 ± 0.1 | 23 ± 2 | 50 ± 1 |
| UE | 1:10 | 30 min | 52 ± 3a,b,c | 9.6 ± 0.8a | 22 ± 2a | 53 ± 3a,b,c |
| MAE | 1:20 | 2 × 10 s | 40 ± 1 | 9.3 ± 0.1 | 23 ± 3 | 73 ± 2 |
| MAE | 1:10 | 2 × 10 s | 40.4 ± 0.6a,b,c | 8.7 ± 0.1a | 20 ± 1a | 75 ± 0a,b,c |
| MAE | 1:10 | 3 × 10 s | 24.4 ± 0.4 | 10.7 ± 1.7 | 7.5 ± 0.6 | 66 ± 5 |
• Mean values of three extraction ± SD;
• a values compared with those obtained via maceration, (propolis/solvent 1:10),
• b values significantly different from those obtained by maceration (propolis/solvent 1:10), p < 0.05 (Student's t-test),
• c values compared and found significantly different, p < 0.05 (Student's t-test)