Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jun 30.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatry Res. 2007 Mar 26;151(3):231–242. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.11.001

Table I.

Principal Components Analysis of the Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Scales: Current Findings and Previous Publications

PCA Factor Loadings Kockler et al., 2006 Stanford et al., 2003a
IPAS Items IA PM Factor Loading Factor Loading
26. I consider the acts to have been impulsive 0.70 0.55 IA 0.77 IA
27. I was in a bad mood the day of the incident 0.70 0.66 IA *
15. I became agitated or emotionally upset prior to the acts 0.67 0.59 IA .41 FM
9. I feel I lost control of my temper during the acts 0.62 0.61 IA 0.68 IA
22. I was confused during the acts 0.59 0.65 IA *
13. I feel some of the incidents went too far 0.57 0.46 IA 0.56 FM
7. I usually can’t recall the details of the incidents well 0.50 0.46 IA 0.43 IA
30. Anything could have set me off prior to the incidents 0.50 0.68 IA 0.43 PM
19. I was concerned for my personal safety during the acts 0.50 * ‡
11. I felt pressure from others to commit the acts 0.49 * 0.43 PM
24. My behavior was too extreme for the level of provocation 0.44 0.60 IA 0.54 IA
28. The acts were a “release” and I felt better afterwards 0.44 0.66 PM ‡
16. The acts led to power over others or improved social status for me 0.43 0.60 PM 0.66 PM
29. I am glad some of the incidents occurred 0.76 0.66 PM 0.68 PM
23. Prior to the incidents I knew an altercation was going to occur 0.68 0.63 PM 0.49 FM
12. I wanted some of the incidents to occur 0.68 0.62 PM 0.68 PM
25. My aggressive outbursts were usually directed at a specific person 0.63 * 0.46 FM
14. I think the other person deserved what happened to them during some of the incidents 0.61 0.66 PM 0.75 PM
20. Some of the acts were attempts at revenge 0.59 0.59 PM 0.60 PM
10. Sometimes I purposely delayed the acts until a later time 0.41 0.54 PM 0.45 PM
Factor Variance Eigenvalue 5.53 3.33
Percent Variance 18.5 15.6

NOTE: IA = Impulsive Aggression; PM = Premeditated Aggression; FM = Familiarity with Target/Remorse (3rd Factor for Stanford et al., 2003a, only);

*

indicates the item did not load on the IA, PM, or FM (Stanford et al., 2003a, only) factors;

‡

indicates the item was excluded based on item analysis. Items with factor loadings below 0.40 were omitted.