TABLE 4.

Associations^* of combined DHA^† + EPA^† fatty acid intake with birth weight, fetal growth, and length of gestation: data by trimester of intake from pregnant women from Massachusetts enrolled in Project Viva, 1999–2002

Quartile of combined DHA + EPA intake	Δ Birth weight		Δ Fetal growth		Δ Length of gestation
	Grams	95% CI†	z value	95% CI	Days	95% CI
First trimester (n = 1,797)
Quartile 1	94	23, 166	0.19	0.08, 0.31	0.3	−1.3, 1.9
Quartile 2	35	−36, 107	0.06	−0.05, 0.18	−0.3	−1.9, 1.3
Quartile 3	32	−39, 103	0.03	−0.08, 0.15	0.6	−1.0, 2.2
Quartile 4 (referent)
p‡ for trend	0.01		0.001		0.88
Second trimester (n = 1,663)
Quartile 1	50	−19, 119	0.10	−0.02, 0.22	0.3	−1.4, 2.1
Quartile 2	49	−19, 117	0.09	−0.03, 0.21	−0.4	−2.1, 1.3
Quartile 3	−23	−92, 47	−0.06	−0.18, 0.06	0.3	−1.4, 2.0
Quartile 4 (referent)
p‡ for trend	0.06		0.03		0.79
Third trimester (n = 2,070)
Quartiles 1 + 2	90	33, 147	0.14	0.04, 0.23	0.5	−0.7, 1.7
Quartile 3	11	−58, 81	0.03	−0.09, 0.14	−0.7	−2.2, 0.8
Quartile 4 (referent)
p‡ for trend	0.001		0.003		0.36

^*Effect estimates were adjusted for enrollment site, infant sex, and maternal age, height, intrapartum weight gain, prepregnancy body mass index, race/ethnicity, smoking during pregnancy, education, and gravidity, all in categories as shown in table 1.

^†DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; CI, confidence interval.

^‡Two-sided p value.