Picture naming. Initially, the participant was presented with the picture and was asked to name it. Irrespective of whether the picture was named correctly or not, the experimenter explained that he/she would now be aided in understanding more about the item. Category sorting. The examiner placed written category cards (birds/vegetables, animals, fruits, musical instruments) on the table in random order. The examiner then randomized the 60 pictures and presented them 1 at a time for the participant to sort by superordinate category, by placing each picture on its written category card. If incorrect, the picture was placed under the accurate category label by the examiner. Feature selection. For this task, an icon board with separate slots for the target picture and six semantic features was used. The examiner placed the target picture (e.g., chicken) in the center of the icon board and provided the participant with written semantic feature cards belonging to the target category. The participant was then required to select the first six features that were pertinent to the target example. For example, for chicken: lays eggs, is food were acceptable semantic features, whereas flies distance, and swims were features that were not applicable. Once six features were selected, the participant was required to read aloud the selected features. Yes/no questions. The participant was asked questions about the target example and was required to answer yes or no in response. The experimenter then asked the patient 15 questions about the target example (e.g., chicken), which included five acceptable semantic features (e.g., does it have wings?), five unacceptable semantic features from the same category (e.g., can it fly?), and five semantic features from a different category (e.g., is it made of metal?). Picture naming. Same procedure as Step 1. |
