ASK1-ΔN and ASK1-ΔNS967A show increased JNK activation. (a) Overexpression of ASK1 proteins in ECs. HUVECs were transiently transfected with control vector, ASK1-WT, ASK1-K709R, ASK1-ΔN, and ASK1-ΔNS967A, and cell lysates were used for protein expression by Western blot with Ab against the COOH-terminal domain of ASK1. (b) Effect of ASK1 proteins on JNK activation. Cell extracts in a were used for in vitro kinase assay using GST–c-Jun as a substrate. (c) Effects of ASK1 proteins on JNK-dependent promoter. HUVECs were cotransfected with 1 μg of JNK reporter gene, a construct for renilla unit (0.5 μg), and various ASK1 expression constructs (1 μg each). The relative luciferase activity normalized to renilla unit is shown. Data are presented from mean of duplicate samples.