Fig. 6.

IKKα kinase activation is required for chemically induced mammary carcinogenesis. (A) Breast cancer induction scheme: virgin mice were implanted with an MPA pellet at 6 weeks of age and given DMBA by oral gavage as indicated. (B) Occurrence of mammary tumors in Ikkα^+/+ and Ikkα ^AA/AA mice treated as in A. (C) Average tumor numbers in DMBA plus MPA-treated Ikkα^+/+ and Ikkα ^AA/AA mice. (D) Representative histology of mammary tumors isolated from individual Ikkα^+/+ and Ikkα ^AA/AA mice. Tumors were treated as described in Fig. 1C. (E) H&E staining and BrdU incorporation of mammary glands isolated 3 weeks after the last DMBA administration. (Magnification: ×20.)