Selective induction of IL-17A secretion in DO11.1 CD4+ cells by skin-derived DCs. (A) Secretion of IL-17A, IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-γ by DO11.1 CD4+ cells stimulated with OVA323–339 peptide in the presence of skin- or spleen-derived DCs. (B) Proliferation; columns, and error bars represent means of triplicate wells. (C) Q-PCR analysis of mRNA expression of IL-23/p19, TGFβ, IL-6, and IL-12/p35 in spleen- and skin-derived DCs. Values for splenic DCs have been set to 1. (D) Effect of neutralizing antibodies to IL-23p19, TGFβ, and IL-6 on the capacity of skin-derived DCs to induce secretion of IL-17A, IL-4, and IFN-γ by DO11.1 CD4+ stimulated with OVA323–339 peptide. Except for B, columns and error bars represent means ± SEM of three experiments (n = 3); in B, they represent mean ± SEM of triplicates of one experiment representative of three. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.; ***, P < 0.0001