Table 2.
Initial ground reaction force, body velocity and body position responses following stimulation over two skull locations (mastoid and temporal fossa) and four locations over anterior and posterior neck muscles
| Measurement | Mastoid | Temporal | SCM tendon (S1) | SCM belly (S2) | SCM clavicular head (S3) | Posterior neck |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Force change 0–450 ms (N) | 0.84 ± 0.11 | 0.97 ± 0.13 | 0.79 ± 0.11 | 0.43 ± 0.06 | 0.56 ± 0.06 | 0.84 ± 0.1 |
| Direction of force 0–450 ms (deg) | −49.76 (0.61) | −85.2 (0.61) | −107.9 (0.46) | 152.7 (0.28) | −173.5 (0.15) | 27.3 (0.49) |
| Peak velocity (mm s−1) | 14.6 ± 1.0 | 16.7 ± 2.0 | 14.3 ± 2.0 | 12.4 ± 1.0 | 12.4 ± 1.0 | 12.8 ± 1.0 |
| Direction of peak velocity (deg) | −61.4 (0.89) | −61.6 (0.75) | 178.7 (0.13) | 173.9 (0.35) | 42.7 (0.03) | −33.2 (0.19) |
| Position change 0–2 s (mm) | 10.83 ± 1.64 | 13.65 ± 2.9 | 8.19 ± 3.09 | 5.36 ± 1.11 | 4.8 ± 1.05 | 6.23 ± 1.34 |
| Direction of position 0–2 s (deg) | −57.99 (0.89) | −67.57 (0.78) | −135.7 (0.19) | 178.8 (0.28) | −72.8 (0.12) | 6.05 (0.68) |
Directional data are given as mean angle and its concentration (r) in parentheses (see Statistical methods). Angles that were significantly clustered (non-random in distribution) are in bold type. The italicised figures represent linear values that were significantly different from the control mastoid values on repeated measures ANOVA with contrasts, and angular values that were significantly different on pair-wise comparison with mastoid stimulation (angles with a random distribution were not used in such analyses).