Table 2.
a. EQ-5D mean (SD) domain scores and utility score for Adults (18 years and older) in Control group (N = 27) and Intervention group (N = 26; total N = 53)
| EuroQol | Baseline | Month 4 | Month 8 | Month 12 | ||||||
| Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | time1 | time*group2 | |
| P | ||||||||||
| Mobility | 1.37 (0.49) | 1.15 (0.37) | 1.32 (0.46) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.35 (0.55) | 1.15 (0.37) | 1.30 (0.47) | 1.54 (0.37) | .000 | .1903 |
| Self care | 1.07 (0.27) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.04 (0.20) | 1.11 (0.32) | 1.04 (0.20) | 1.22 (0.42) | 1.04 (0.20) | .000 | .2134 |
| Daily activities | 1.48 (0.51) | 1.35 (0.49) | 1.54 (0.50) | 1.31 (0.47) | 1.54 (0.57) | 1.42 (0.58) | 1.56 (0.58) | 1.46 (0.51) | .004 | .6233 |
| Pain/discomfort | 1.67 (0.56) | 1.31 (0.47) | 1.54 (0.57) | 1.23 (0.43) | 1.56 (0.58) | 1.35 (0.49) | 1.63 (0.63) | 1.42 (0.50) | .000 | .8714 |
| Anxiety/depression | 1.11 (0.32) | 1.19 (0.40) | 1.22 (0.42) | 1.15 (0.37) | 1.19 (0.40) | 1.27 (0.45) | 1.19 (0.40) | 1.15 (0.37) | .001 | .5054 |
| VAS | 67.33 (17.20) | 74.57 (12.78) | 71.67 (17.63) | 73.08 (14.29) | 68.11 (19.06) | 71.35 (18.45) | 72.26 (18.43) | 74.50 (15.87) | .081 | .6384 |
| Utility | 0.78 (0.17) | 0.89 (0.13) | 0.80 (0.18) | 0.91 (0.12) | 0.78 (0.24) | 0.86 (0.19) | 0.79 (0.21) | 0.90 (0.11) | .010 | .5963 |
| b. EQ-5D mean (SD) domain scores and utility score for Children (7 to 18 years) in Control group (N = 27) and Intervention group (N = 29); total N = 56 | ||||||||||
| EuroQol | Baseline | Month 4 | Month 8 | Month 12 | ||||||
| Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | time1 | time*group2 | |
| P | ||||||||||
| Mobility | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.04 (0.19) | - | .4284 |
| Self care | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.00 (0.00) | - | - |
| Daily activities | 1.15 (0.36) | 1.21 (0.49) | 1.07 (0.27) | 1.09 (0.30) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.14 (0.35) | 1.11 (0.32) | 1.14 (0.35) | .000 | .6214 |
| Pain/discomfort | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.18 (0.47) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.01 (0.03) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.07 (0.27) | 1.07 (0.26) | .000 | .8073 |
| Anxiety/depression | 1.11 (0.32) | 1.10 (0.31) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.00 (0.00) | 1.07 (0.27) | 1.04 (0.19) | 1.15 (0.36) | 1.00 (0.00) | .000 | .0643 |
| VAS | 81.36 (11.70) | 79.61 (13.67) | 84.32 (10.72) | 81.29 (12.02) | 83.32 (13.11) | 82.59 (11.39) | 81.33 (14.69) | 82.31 (12.49) | .000 | .5214 |
| Utility | 0.96 (0.07) | 0.92 (0.20) | 0.98 (0.07) | 0.99 (0.03) | 0.98 (0.06) | 0.98 (0.07) | 0.97 (0.05) | 0.98 (0.04) | .000 | .5573 |
P-values based on Repeated Measures ANCOVA corrected for baseline; performed separately for age group (adults/children).
1 p-value for overall follow-up in time.
2 p-value for follow-up difference in time between groups.
3 Greenhouse-Geisser.
4 Sphericity Assumed.
- = analyses could not be performed due to minimal to zero variance