Table 5.
Incremental costs, effects, and cost-effectiveness analysis
| Base case | Adults | Children | ||||||||
| Incremental costs | ||||||||||
| Health care costs | €508 | €605 | ||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (-114 to 1,118) | (319 to 862) | ||||||||
| Societal costs | €1,026 | €609 | ||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (231 to 1,889) | (312 to 864) | ||||||||
| Incremental utility adjusted for baseline differences by multiple regression | ||||||||||
| EQ-5D QALY1 | 0.03 | 0.01 | ||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (0.00 to 0.07) | (0.00 to 0.02) | ||||||||
| SF-6D QALY1 | -0.01 | |||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (-0.07 to 0.03) | - | ||||||||
| Incremental cost effectiveness ratio | ||||||||||
| Health care perspective EQ-5D | €15,366/QALY gained | €58,726/QALY gained | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE |
| 0% | 91% | 3% | 0% | 5% | 0% | 98% | 2% | 0% | 0% | |
| Health care perspective SF-6D | inferior | - | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | |||||
| 0% | 17% | 77% | 5% | 1% | ||||||
| Societal perspective EQ-5D | €31,035/QALY gained | €59,071/QALY gained | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE |
| 0% | 96% | 4% | 0% | 1% | 0% | 98% | 2% | 0% | 0% | |
| Societal perspective SF-6D | inferior | - | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | |||||
| 0% | 17% | 83% | 0% | 0% | ||||||
| Sensitivity analysis (minus asthma monitor costs) | ||||||||||
| Incremental costs | ||||||||||
| Health care costs | €58 | €156 | ||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (-544 to 671) | (-137 to 411) | ||||||||
| Societal costs | €576 | €159 | ||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (-257 to 1,423) | (-142 to 417) | ||||||||
| Incremental cost effectiveness ratio | ||||||||||
| Health care perspective EQ-5D | €1,759/QALY gained | €15,092/QALY gained | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE |
| 0% | 91% | 3% | 0% | 5% | 0% | 84% | 1% | 0% | 15% | |
| Health care perspective SF-6D | inferior | - | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | |||||
| 0% | 9% | 46% | 38% | 7% | ||||||
| Societal perspective EQ-5D | €17,427/QALY gained | €15,438/QALY gained | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE |
| 0% | 89% | 3% | 0% | 8% | 0% | 85% | 2% | 0% | 13% | |
| Societal perspective SF-6D | inferior | - | ||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | |||||
| 0% | 14% | 76% | 8% | 2% | ||||||
| Sensitivity analysis (school costs included in analysis) | ||||||||||
| Incremental costs | ||||||||||
| Societal costs | €542 | |||||||||
| (2.5th–97.5th percentile) | (196 to 849) | |||||||||
| Incremental cost effectiveness ratio | ||||||||||
| Societal perspective EQ-5D | €52,618/QALY gained | |||||||||
| Distributions on CEA plane | origin | NE | NW | SW | SE | |||||
| 0% | 97% | 3% | 0% | 0% | ||||||
Costs year 2002 in euro.
ICER = Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio.
Percentiles based on bootstrap procedure with 5000 replicates.
1 Utility scores at follow-up measurements are adjusted for between group baseline difference using the multiple regression method.