Figure 5 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in a 46‐year‐old man with cardiomyopathy in NYHA class III. A modified Bruce protocol was used. The patient reached a PVo₂ of 14 ml/kg/min (4 METs), 42% of predicted for age, gender, and weight. The ventilatory anaerobic threshold occurred at a Vo₂ of 955 ml/min (slopes intersection point). This blunted cardiopulmonary response is typical in severe cardiomyopathy. The patient also had blunting in his heart rate response, with an HRmax of 120 bpm. He was listed for cardiac transplantation. HR, heart rate; METs, metabolic equivalents.