Table 2.

Visual perception and visual spatial MANCOVA results, individual test means and standard deviations, estimated marginal means and standard deviations, and significance values.

	Mean ± SD
Multivariate Model and Individual Tests	Cystinosis (n = 25)	Control (n = 25)	Significance
Visual Perception MANCOVA			NS
Gollin Incomplete Figures Test Raw Score (Estimated Marginal Mean)	62.2 ± 10.1 (61.4 ± 2.3)	55.9 ± 9.9 (56.7 ± 2.3)	--
Motor Free Visual Perception Test Raw Score (Estimated Marginal Mean)	18.4 ± 7.5 (19.4 ± 1.8)	23.9 ± 7.7 (22.9 ± 1.8)	--
VMI: Visual Perception Supplement Standard Score* (Estimated Marginal Mean)	86.2 ± 17.1 (94.3 ± 3.1)	109.8 ± 15.7 (101.7 ± 3.1)	--
Visual Spatial MANCOVA			p = .02
K-ABC Spatial Memory Raw Score (Estimated Marginal Mean)	5.0 ± 4.1 (5.4 ± 1.0)	8.3 ± 4.2 (7.9 ± 1.0)	NS
Woodcock Johnson Spatial Relations Standard Score* (Estimated Marginal Mean)	97.6 ± 18.1 (100.6 ± 3.2)	115.1 ± 9.1 (112.1 ± 3.2)	p = .031
VMI Standard Score* (Estimated Marginal Mean)	84.0 ± 12.2 (87.6 ± 2.9)	103.5 ± 13.7 (100.0 ± 2.9)	p = .009

Note: -- represent subtests for which follow-up analyses were not applicable because the multivariate test was not significant.

^*represents tests for which VIQ was a significant covariate