RA induced down-regulation of the hMGP promoter. (A) Reporter plasmids (1.25 μg) -3600LUC, βRE2-TKLUC, and (SPP)x2-TKLUC were transfected in NRK52E cells. Transcriptional activity was analyzed either by taking advantage of endogenous retinoid receptor activity present in NRK52E cells (bar 1) or by cotransfection of 125 ng CMX plasmids expressing RAR, RXR, or VDR. Cells were either untreated (open bars) or treated with 10−6 M all-trans RA (hatched bars), 10−7 M TTNPB (shaded bars), 10−7 M LG100153 (cross-hatched bars), or with 10−6 M D3 (solid bars). (B) Indicated reporter plasmids (1.25 μg), together with 125 ng of CMX-RAR and CMX-RXR expression plasmids, were cotransfected into NRK52E cells. Transcriptional repression is presented as “fold repression.” (C) Nucleotide sequence of the first 209 bp of the hMGP 5′ flanking region. The NRE located from position −168 to −132 bp is marked by the open rectangle. The TATA box is underlined. Arrow indicates the transcription initiation site. The ATG start codon of the hMGP coding region is underlined and shown in italics.